Taxicab and street hail livery drivers (former Chapter 54)
Chapter 54 held the rules for drivers of yellow medallion taxicabs and, from 2012, street hail liveries (green cabs): licensing, traffic safety, fares, refusals, passenger requests, trip records and the critical driver and persistent violator point programs. It replaced old Chapter 2 in April 2011 and was repealed on October 26, 2016, when Chapter 80 combined all driver rules. Most section numbers carried over to Chapter 80 (54-13 → 80-13, 54-20 → 80-20).
Off-duty driver kept working after dropping the last passenger
Condition (iv) of the April 2011 off-duty rule: after dropping the last passenger on the way in, the driver must lock the doors and go back to the garage or home. The charge means the driver kept picking up or did not head in.
§54-19(A)(II)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(A)(4)6 charges · 2014–2016
Solicitation near a taxi stand (code missing a level)
This spelling skips the paragraph number. Its likely readings are §54-19(a)(4)(ii) (2012–2016 numbering) or §54-19(a)(7)(ii) (2011 numbering); both bar a taxi driver from soliciting or cruising for passengers within 100 feet of a taxi stand. That reading is not certain.
§54-19(B)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(b)(1)32 charges · 2013–2014
Taxi stand position interfered with, or green cab hail in the no-hail zone
Meaning depends on the date. Under the April 2011 text, (b)(1) gave every taxi driver the right to take a vacant spot at a taxi stand without interference. From mid-2012, (b)(1) is the green cab (Street Hail Livery) "Exclusionary Zone" rule: no street hails in Manhattan south of East 96th and West 110th Streets or at the airports.
§54-19(B)(1)(I)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(B)(1)(I)100 charges · 2014–2016
Green cab solicited a street hail in the Hail Exclusionary Zone
A green cab (Street Hail Livery) driver must not solicit passengers from the vehicle in the Hail Exclusionary Zone: Manhattan south of East 96th Street and West 110th Street, and the airports. Penalties are heavy and climb with each repeat, ending in revocation.
$500 and suspension for the first violation; $750 and suspension for a second within 24 months; revocation for a third within 120 months (appearance required)
§54-19(B)(2)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(B)(2)13 charges · 2014–2015
Taxi stand used for repairs, or green cab hail-zone rule broken
Meaning depends on the date. Under the April 2011 text, (b)(2) barred occupying a taxi stand to repair the cab except for minor emergency repairs. From mid-2012, (b)(2) is the green cab "Hail Zone" rule: no cruising within 100 feet of a taxi stand and no using a helper to solicit.
§54-19(B)(3)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(4)897 charges · 2012–2021
Cut into a taxi stand line, or green cab off-duty pickup
Meaning depends on the date. Under the April 2011 text, (b)(3) barred overcrowding, crashing or backing into the front of a taxi stand line; drivers must join at the rear. Most of these charges have 2011–2013 violation dates. From mid-2012, (b)(3) covers green cab drivers taking a passenger while off duty, outside the narrow "heading home" exception.
April 2011 text (taxi stand line): $100 if you plead guilty before a hearing, $150 after a hearing. 2012–2016 text (green cab off duty): $75 and 1 point. Appearance not required
§54-19(B)(4)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(5)16 charges · 2013
Stayed at a taxi stand while off duty or too long on break
Under the April 2011 numbering, (b)(4) let a driver occupy a taxi stand only when on duty, or for no more than one hour on relief time or personal-use off duty. After mid-2012 this rule became (c)(4), and (b)(4) no longer existed.
§54-19(B)(5)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(6)54 charges · 2013–2016
Left the cab while in the first two spots at a taxi stand
Under the April 2011 numbering, (b)(5) required the drivers of the first two cabs at a taxi stand (not a relief stand) to stay in the driver's seat ready to take passengers, and other drivers on the stand to stay within 15 feet of their cab unless off duty. After mid-2012 this became (c)(5).
§54-19(B)(6)Old rule — replaced by 80-13(a)(1)(i)4 charges · 2013
Waited at a fire hydrant without staying in the driver's seat
Under the April 2011 numbering, (b)(6) let a taxi stop and wait for passengers in front of a fire hydrant on a street where parking is allowed, but only if the driver stayed seated and ready to drive. After mid-2012 this became (c)(6); today the same fire-hydrant rule is in §80-13(a)(1)(i).
Replaced by §80-13(a)(1)(i)
Fine (published)
$100 if you plead guilty before a hearing; $150 if found guilty after a hearing (April 2011 text)
§54-19(C)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(1)18 charges · 2013–2015
Interfered with another driver's place at a taxi stand
From mid-2012, (c)(1) gives a taxi driver the right to take any vacant position at a taxi stand, and a green cab driver the same right at stands in the Hail Zone only. No other driver may interfere. (In the April 2011 text, (c)(1) only said taxi stand rules also apply at terminals.)
§54-19(C)(1)(I)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(1)11 charges · 2013
Interfered with a taxi driver's place at a taxi stand
Item (i) of the taxi stand rule (2012–2016 numbering): a yellow taxi driver has the right to take any vacant position at a taxi stand, and no other driver may interfere with that right.
§54-19(C)(3)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(4)4,434 charges · 2013–2017
Cut the line or crowded the front of a taxi stand
A driver must not overcrowd, crash into or back into a front position at a taxi stand, and must take the rear of the line unless it is a relief stand with a vacancy. These are mostly 2013–2016 Port Authority summonses at airport taxi lines. (Under the April 2011 numbering, (c)(3) was the airport long-haul/short-haul line rule, fine $100.)
§54-19(C)(3)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(4)3 charges · 2015
Taxi stand line rule (code with an extra level)
In the 2012–2016 numbering, §54-19(c)(3) bars cutting into or crowding the front of a taxi stand line and has no sub-items, so the trailing (1) is most likely a typo. A less likely reading is the 2011-era airport short-haul/long-haul rule, numbered (c)(3)(i).
§54-19(C)(3)(I)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(4)1 charge · 2015
Taxi stand line rule, or airport short-haul line rule
In the 2012–2016 numbering, (c)(3) (cutting into the front of a taxi stand line) has no items, so this code is probably the line-cutting charge with an extra level. Under the April 2011 numbering, (c)(3)(i) meant a driver in the airport short-haul line must not take a long-haul passenger. Which one applies is not certain.
§54-19(C)(5)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(D)(6)263 charges · 2014–2017
Left the cab while in the first two spots at a taxi stand
From mid-2012, (c)(5) requires the drivers of the first two vehicles at a taxi stand (other than a relief stand) to stay in the driver's seat ready to take passengers, and any other driver on the stand to stay within 15 feet of the vehicle unless off duty.
§54-19(D)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-19(e)(1)1 charge
Taxi stand rules at airports, train, bus and ship terminals
From mid-2012, (d)(1) says the taxi stand rules also apply at the special taxi stands and feed lines at air, rail, bus and ship terminals (and to green cabs at terminals inside the Hail Zone). It has no fine of its own; the specific stand rule broken carries the penalty.
Soliciting within 100 feet of a taxi stand (run-together spelling) — another spelling of §54-19(A)(4)(II) (Soliciting passengers within 100 feet of a taxi stand).
§54-20 barred taxi and green cab drivers from refusing passengers without a valid reason: refusing a destination in New York City, Westchester, Nassau or Newark Airport; refusing riders with disabilities, attendants, luggage or mobility aids; and asking the destination before the passenger is seated. It also listed the allowed reasons to refuse.
Replaced by §80-20
Fine (published)
Mandatory penalties (§54-02(e)): first violation $350 if you plead guilty before a hearing, $500 if found guilty after a hearing; second violation (any mix of these rules) within 24 months $700 / $1,000 and possible suspension up to 30 days; third within 36 months $750 / $1,000 plus license revocation.
Refusing to take a passenger to their destination (typo spelling) — another spelling of §54-20(A)(1) (Refusing to take a passenger to their destination).
§54-20(A)Old rule — replaced by 80-20(a)304 charges · 2013–2014
Refusing a passenger (paragraph not specified)
§54-20(a) said a driver must not refuse to transport a passenger without a valid reason: no refusing a destination in the city, Westchester, Nassau or Newark Airport; no requiring an attendant for a person with a disability; no refusing luggage or mobility aids; and no asking the destination before the rider is inside. All four carry the mandatory refusal penalties.
Replaced by §80-20(a)
Fine (published)
Mandatory penalties (§54-02(e)): first violation $350 if you plead guilty before a hearing, $500 if found guilty after a hearing; second violation (any mix of these rules) within 24 months $700 / $1,000 and possible suspension up to 30 days; third within 36 months $750 / $1,000 plus license revocation.
§54-20(A)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-20(A)(1)27,856 charges · 2012–2019
Refusing to take a passenger to their destination
A taxi or green cab driver must not refuse, by words, gestures or any other means, to take a passenger (including a person with a disability and their service animal) to any destination in New York City, Westchester or Nassau County, or Newark Airport, unless one of the listed justifications applies. It is one of the three most common Chapter 54 charges and carries the mandatory refusal penalties.
Mandatory penalties (§54-02(e)): first violation $350 if you plead guilty before a hearing, $500 if found guilty after a hearing; second violation (any mix of these rules) within 24 months $700 / $1,000 and possible suspension up to 30 days; third within 36 months $750 / $1,000 plus license revocation.
§54-20(A)(2)Old rule — replaced by 80-20(A)(2)59 charges · 2013–2016
Requiring a passenger with a disability to have an attendant
A driver must not require a person with a disability to be accompanied by an attendant. If the person does bring an attendant, the driver must not charge, or try to charge, extra for carrying the attendant. Violations carry the mandatory refusal penalties.
Mandatory penalties (§54-02(e)): first violation $350 if you plead guilty before a hearing, $500 if found guilty after a hearing; second violation (any mix of these rules) within 24 months $700 / $1,000 and possible suspension up to 30 days; third within 36 months $750 / $1,000 plus license revocation.
§54-20(A)(3)Old rule — replaced by 80-20(A)(3)134 charges · 2013–2016
Refusing a passenger's luggage, wheelchair or other mobility aid
A driver must not refuse to carry a passenger's luggage, wheelchair, crutches, other mobility aid or other property. Violations carry the mandatory refusal penalties.
Mandatory penalties (§54-02(e)): first violation $350 if you plead guilty before a hearing, $500 if found guilty after a hearing; second violation (any mix of these rules) within 24 months $700 / $1,000 and possible suspension up to 30 days; third within 36 months $750 / $1,000 plus license revocation.
§54-20(A)(4)Old rule — replaced by 80-20(A)(4)4,385 charges · 2013–2017
Asking the passenger's destination before they got in
A driver must not try to learn a passenger's destination before the passenger is seated in the cab (for a green cab hail trip, inside the vehicle in the Hail Zone). Asking "where are you going?" through the window is the classic example. TLC treats this as a refusal, with the mandatory refusal penalties.
Mandatory penalties (§54-02(e)): first violation $350 if you plead guilty before a hearing, $500 if found guilty after a hearing; second violation (any mix of these rules) within 24 months $700 / $1,000 and possible suspension up to 30 days; third within 36 months $750 / $1,000 plus license revocation.
§54-20(A)(21Old rule — replaced by 80-20(a)1 charge
Refusal of service (garbled paragraph number)
The paragraph number is garbled. It most likely means §54-20(a)(2) (requiring a person with a disability to bring an attendant, or charging extra for the attendant) or §54-20(a)(1) (refusing a destination). Either way it is a refusal-of-service charge with the mandatory refusal penalties.
Refusing to take a passenger to their destination (typo spelling) — another spelling of §54-20(A)(1) (Refusing to take a passenger to their destination).
§54-20(B)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-20(b)(1)1 charge
Refusal justification: another passenger already seated
§54-20(b)(1) allows a driver to refuse a hail when another passenger is already seated in the vehicle. §54-20(b) is the list of allowed reasons for refusing a passenger, not a ban by itself; a summons citing it usually concerns a refusal where the driver did not meet that justification's conditions.
Refusal while dropping the last passenger before going off duty
§54-20(b)(4) lets a driver refuse new riders while dropping off the last passengers before going off duty, but only after first (i) turning on the off-duty light (or, after the "Off Duty Change Date", keying the off-duty code into T-PEP/LPEP) and logging it. §54-20(b) is the list of allowed reasons for refusing a passenger, not a ban by itself; a summons citing it usually concerns a refusal where the driver did not meet that justification's conditions.
Refusal at end of shift without the off-duty light on
§54-20(b)(5) lets a driver ending the shift refuse passengers only after taking set steps. In the 2011 text, step (i) is turning on the off-duty sign; in the later text, (i) groups the steps before the "Off Duty Change Date" (off-duty sign, rear doors locked, data entered). §54-20(b) is the list of allowed reasons for refusing a passenger, not a ban by itself; a summons citing it usually concerns a refusal where the driver did not meet that justification's conditions.
Refusal at end of shift without locking the rear doors
§54-20(b)(5) lets a driver ending the shift refuse passengers only after taking set steps. In the 2011 text, step (ii) is locking both rear doors; in the later text, (ii) groups the steps after the "Off Duty Change Date" (off-duty code entered, rear doors locked). §54-20(b) is the list of allowed reasons for refusing a passenger, not a ban by itself; a summons citing it usually concerns a refusal where the driver did not meet that justification's conditions.
Under the 2011 text of §54-20(b)(5), a driver ending the shift could refuse passengers only after (iii) transmitting or entering the off-duty data, along with the off-duty sign and locked rear doors. §54-20(b) is the list of allowed reasons for refusing a passenger, not a ban by itself; a summons citing it usually concerns a refusal where the driver did not meet that justification's conditions.
Refusing to take a passenger to their destination (run-together spelling) — another spelling of §54-20(A)(1) (Refusing to take a passenger to their destination).
Vehicle operation and condition (subdivision not specified)
§54-22 covered the driver's duties for the vehicle itself: no idling over three minutes, checking brakes, tires, lights and seatbelts, keeping the inside clean and the roof-light number visible, no unapproved equipment or signs, and correct roof light use. The summons did not say which part.
§54-22(B)Old rule — replaced by 80-22(B)1,893 charges · 2013–2017
Drove without checking that brakes, lights, tires and seatbelts work
A driver must not operate a taxi or green cab without continuing personal inspection and a reasonable determination that all equipment, including brakes, tires, lights, signals and passenger seatbelts and shoulder belts, is in good working order. The charge means the officer found equipment that was not working, such as a light, tire or seatbelt.
§54-22(c) was printed as "RESERVED (No On-street Maintenance other than Emergency)" in every Chapter 54 version, so it held no rule and no penalty. A charge under it was probably a miscitation, perhaps meant for street repairs or another part of §54-22.
§54-22(E)Old rule — replaced by 80-22(D)28 charges · 2013–2016
Roof light medallion or license number dirty or blocked
During the shift, the driver must keep the medallion number (or the green cab's license number) on the front and rear of the roof light clean and unblocked so it can be seen at all times.
$100 if you plead guilty before a hearing; $150 if found guilty after a hearing (2014–2016 text; the April 2011 text said $50). Appearance not required
§54-22(F)Old rule — replaced by 80-22(E)49 charges · 2014–2016
Unauthorized equipment in the cab
A driver must not operate a taxi or green cab that has equipment or devices not listed in the rules unless the TLC approved it in writing. Later versions allowed one approved, mounted e-hail device used only by one touch or voice while moving. The summons should say what device or equipment the officer saw.
§54-22(H)Old rule — replaced by 80-26(E)49 charges · 2013–2016
Roof light not working with the meter
While on duty, the roof light must be lit when the meter is not in use and off when the meter is running. Green cabs also keep it off on pre-arranged trips and when off duty. A lit roof light tells people the cab is free; a dark one tells them it is taken.
§54-22(H)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-26(E)93 charges
Taxi roof light on or off at the wrong time
In the 2012–2016 text, (h)(1) covers yellow taxis: on duty, the roof light must be lit when the meter is not in use and off when it is. In the April 2011 text, (h)(1) was the "lit when the meter is not in use" half of the same rule.
§54-22(H)(2)Old rule — replaced by 80-26(E)7 charges
Green cab roof light, or roof light lit while the meter ran
In the 2012–2016 text, (h)(2) covers green cabs: the roof light is lit only when the meter is not in use, and off while the meter runs, on pre-arranged trips and when off duty. In the April 2011 text, (h)(2) was the rule that a taxi's roof light must be off while the meter is in use.
§54-23Old rule — replaced by 80-235 charges · 2016–2017
Required items in the vehicle (subdivision not specified)
§54-23 listed what had to be in every taxi and green cab (T-PEP/LPEP or a written trip record, the driver's license in its frame, the rate card, a street map or GPS, passenger receipts, and in green cabs the vehicle license) and required a clear, lit view of the meter, license and rate card for passengers.
§54-23(A)Old rule — replaced by 80-23(a)14 charges · 2013–2017
Required item missing from the cab (item not specified)
§54-23(a) bars driving a taxi or green cab unless it has: the T-PEP or LPEP system (or a written trip record when allowed), the driver's license in its frame, the rate card next to it, a five-borough street map or GPS, receipts for passengers, and in a green cab the Street Hail Livery license. The summons did not say which item.
§54-23(A)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-23(A)(1)69 charges · 2013–2016
No working T-PEP/LPEP or trip record in the vehicle
A driver must not operate a taxi unless it has the T-PEP technology system (a green cab, the LPEP), or a written trip record when one is required and allowed.
§54-23(A)(2)Old rule — replaced by 80-23(A)(2)14,169 charges · 2012–2017
Driver's TLC license not displayed in its frame
A driver must not operate a taxi or green cab unless the driver's TLC license is displayed in the proper frame (a for-hire or paratransit driver in a green cab displays that license). It is the most common Chapter 54 equipment summons; most were written by TLC inspectors, some by Port Authority officers.
Driver's TLC license not displayed (code with an extra level) — another spelling of §54-23(A)(2) (Driver's TLC license not displayed in its frame).
§54-23(A)(3)Old rule — replaced by 80-23(A)(3)208 charges · 2013–2016
Rate card missing or not next to the driver's license
A driver must not operate a taxi or green cab unless the rate card assigned to that vehicle is displayed beside the frame holding the driver's license.
§54-23(A)(5)Old rule — replaced by 80-26(A)(6)74 charges · 2013–2015
No receipts available for passengers
A driver must not operate a taxi or green cab unless receipts for passengers are on hand. The charge means there was no way to give the passenger a receipt. Chapter 80 now covers this through the receipt-paper rule (§80-26(a)(6)) and the duty to offer a receipt (§80-16(d)).
§54-23(B)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-23(B)(1)686 charges · 2013–2016
Blocked passenger's view of the meter, license or rate card
A driver must not block a passenger's view of the meter, the driver's license, the rate card or the T-PEP passenger screen, or block access to the medallion number plaques (raised-letter and Braille) or a green cab's license number.
§54-23(B)(2)Old rule — replaced by 80-23(B)(2)155 charges · 2013–2016
Meter, license and rate card not lit after sunset
After sunset, a driver must not operate a taxi or green cab unless the meter face, the driver's license and the rate card are lit so a passenger with normal vision can see them clearly from the back seat.
§54-24 covered trip records: what each record must contain, logging into T-PEP (taxis) or LPEP (green cabs) for every trip, sending corrections, and keeping written trip sheets when the system is down.
§54-24(A)Old rule — replaced by 80-2513 charges · 2011–2013
Trip record missing required information
Every taxi trip record must include the medallion number, driver's license number, pickup and drop-off times and places, number of passengers, mileage, itemized fare, payment method, meter readings, tolls, trip number and end-of-shift time. Green cabs record "Trip Data" under the technology rules. The charge means entries were missing.
Replaced by §80-25
Fine (published)
$15 for each missing entry on an electronic or written trip record, up to $30 per trip record (appearance not required)
§54-24(A)(3)Old rule — replaced by 80-255 charges · 2014
Trip record missing the pickup location
Item (3) of the trip record list: each taxi trip record must show where each passenger was picked up. The 2011 crosswalk maps old rule 2-28(a)(2) here.
Replaced by §80-25
Fine (published)
$15 for each missing entry on an electronic or written trip record, up to $30 per trip record (appearance not required)
Electronic trip record (T-PEP/LPEP) rules not followed
§54-24(b) required drivers to log in to and use the taxi's T-PEP (or the green cab's LPEP) so a trip record is captured for every trip, and to send any corrections electronically.
§54-24(B)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-25(A)557 charges · 2013–2017
Did not log in to T-PEP/LPEP for trips
A driver must log in to and operate the T-PEP system (taxis) or LPEP system (green cabs) so the trip record is captured for every trip, including e-hail and pre-arranged trips. Driving trips while logged out, or under another driver's login, falls here.
§54-24(B)(1)(I)Old rule — replaced by 80-25(A)7 charges · 2013–2014
Taxi driver did not log in to T-PEP
Item (i): a yellow taxi driver must log in to and operate T-PEP to capture the trip record for every trip, including trips started through an e-hail app.
§54-24(B)(1)(II)Old rule — replaced by 80-25(A)402 charges · 2014
Green cab driver did not log in to LPEP
Item (ii): a green cab (Street Hail Livery) driver must log in to and operate LPEP to capture the trip record for every trip, including pre-arranged and e-hail trips.
§54-24(C)(3)Old rule — replaced by 80-254 charges · 2016
Pre-shift equipment certification not signed on the trip record
Before each shift, the driver must sign and certify on the trip record that the vehicle and its equipment work and the required items are present (noting any T-PEP/LPEP outage). The penalty applies when the driver does not fix the problem after a 10-day notice to correct.
Replaced by §80-25
Fine (published)
Failure to comply with a 10-day notice to correct: $200 and suspension until compliance (appearance required)
T-PEP card-payment function (definition subsection)
§54-25(a) defines the taxi technology system (T-PEP) and its four core services; item (1) is letting passengers pay by credit, debit or prepaid card. It carries no penalty of its own. A charge under it most likely concerns the card function not working, which is enforced under §54-25(b) or §54-17(e).
T-PEP driver text-message function (definition subsection)
§54-25(a) defines the T-PEP system's four core services; item (2) is the ability for drivers to send and receive text messages. It carries no penalty of its own; a charge under it most likely concerns that function not working, which is enforced under §54-25(b).
§54-25(B)Old rule — replaced by 80-25109 charges · 2013–2016
T-PEP not in good working order
The taxi's T-PEP equipment must work and all four core services (card payment, driver text messages, trip data, and the passenger screen) must function at all times.
Replaced by §80-25
Fine (published)
$250 and suspension until compliance (appearance required)
§54-25(C)(1)Old rule — replaced by 80-25(e)2 charges
T-PEP failure not reported within one hour
If the T-PEP breaks down, the driver must file an incident report with the T-PEP provider within one hour of knowing (or when they should have known), or by the end of the shift if sooner. No separate report is needed if the owner already filed one, but the driver must get the report number.
Replaced by §80-25(e)
Fine (published)
$250 and suspension until compliance (appearance required)
§54-25.1(B)Old rule — replaced by 80-25(e)1 charge · 2016
Green cab LPEP failure not handled properly
If a green cab's LPEP breaks down, the driver must report it to the LPEP provider within one hour (or by shift end), unless the licensee or base already did and the driver has the report number, and must not drive with a core service out for more than 48 hours after the report.
Replaced by §80-25(e)
Fine (published)
$250 and suspension until compliance (appearance required)
TLC Help is not a law firm and is not affiliated with the NYC Taxi & Limousine Commission or OATH. Explanations on this site are general information, not legal advice. Legal representation is provided by independent attorneys and OATH-registered representatives in our network.